Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths among men and women worldwide. While the survival rate for lung cancer has increased over the years, it's still only about 18%. This is significant because most cases are not caught early enough.

The good news is there are things one can do to reduce their chances of lung cancer before it starts. In this blog, we share 10 effective ways to prevent lung cancer before it starts.

What is Lung Cancer?

Lung cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the lungs. The lungs are made up of tiny, thin-walled sacs called alveoli, surrounded by a network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries. These alveoli and capillaries form a system known as pulmonary circulation. Cancer occurs when cells in the body divide uncontrollably.

Lung cancer begins when these abnormal cells grow in the lung's tissues; these cells can spread through the blood vessels, lymphatic system and other body parts like the brain, liver, or bones.

Types of Lung Cancer

1. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

There are two main types of lung cancer: non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer is the most common cancer, accounting for about 85% of all cases.

It typically grows slower than SCLC and is less likely to spread to other body parts. SCLC is less common but more aggressive, grows quickly and spreads more easily to other organs. SCLC is also less common, accounting for the remaining 15%.

NSCLC Subtypes:

NSCLC can be further divided into four subtypes: squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and bronchoalveolar carcinoma.

• Squamous cell carcinoma

  Squamous cell carcinoma starts in the flat, thin cells lining the air passages of the lungs.

• Adenocarcinoma

  Adenocarcinoma starts in the glandular cells that produce mucus.

• Large cell carcinoma

  Large cell carcinoma can begin in any lung cell.

• Bronchoalveolar carcinoma

  Bronchoalveolar carcinoma is an adenocarcinoma that starts in the alveoli (air sacs).

2. Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)

SCLC accounts for 15% of lung cancer cases. It's more aggressive, grows quickly, and often spreads to other organs.

SCLC is divided into two subtypes: oat cell carcinoma and combined small cell carcinoma.

SCLC Subtypes:

• Oat cell carcinomas

  Oat cell carcinomas are more common in men than women and usually occur in smokers over 50.

• Combined small cell carcinomas

  Combined small cell carcinomas are a mix of oat and non-oat cell tumors.

Read more about - Small-Cell vs. Non-Small-Cell Differences and Cancer Causes.

How to Prevent Lung Cancer: 10 Proven Tips

Smoking cigarettes is the most important risk factor for developing lung cancer, but there are ways to reduce the chances of it before it starts. Here are some ways to prevent lung cancer:

1. Don't smoke cigarettes or use tobacco products

If you currently smoke, quitting is the best way to reduce your risk of developing lung cancer.

2. Avoid Secondhand Smoke

If you live or work with someone who smokes, avoid exposure to secondhand smoke.

3. Reduce Exposure to Air Pollution

Stay indoors on days with high pollution. Use air purifiers if necessary, especially in urban or industrial areas.

4. Limit Contact with Carcinogens

Avoid exposure to workplace substances like asbestos, radon, and diesel exhaust.

5. Get Your Home Tested for Radon

Radon is a naturally occurring gas that can build up indoors. It’s odorless and one of the leading causes of lung cancer.

6. Exercise Regularly

Physical activity strengthens lung function and boosts the immune system.

7. Eat a Healthy Diet

A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and antioxidants helps lower the risk of lung cancer and supports overall health.

8. Maintain a Healthy Weight

Obesity is linked to inflammation and certain cancers, including lung cancer.

9. Avoid Occupational Hazards

Wear proper protective gear and follow safety procedures in high-risk environments.

10. Stay Informed and Get Regular Checkups

Being proactive about your health and understanding your risk factors can make a big difference.

Are there ways to detect lung cancer?

Lung cancer is one of the deadliest forms of cancer, but the good news is that the chances of lung cancer can be reduced, and early detection is key to preventing this disease. There are several ways to detect lung cancer early, including:

• CT Scans

  A CT scan is an X-ray procedure that produces detailed images of the lungs. CT scans can often detect cancers that are too small to be seen on a standard chest X-ray.

• Sputum Cytology

  This test involves examining a sample of mucus coughed up from the lungs under a microscope for abnormal cells.

• Low-Dose CT Screening

  This screening test uses special low-dose X-rays to take multiple pictures of the lungs. It is recommended for current and former smokers between ages 55 to 80 who have smoked for at least 30 pack years (one pack-year equals 20 cigarettes per day for one year).

• Pulmonary Function Tests

  These tests measure how well the lungs can move air in and out and how well they exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. Pulmonary function tests can sometimes reveal early signs of lung cancer.

• Chest X-Ray

  A chest X-ray is a painless test that produces images of the lungs and heart.

Read more about - Lung Function Test: What It Is and How It Helps Monitor Respiratory Health.

Symptoms of Lung Cancer to Watch For

If you feel you have any symptoms of lung cancer, it is important to see a doctor right away. Early detection is key to successful treatment, do not delay getting checked out. Common symptoms of lung cancer include:

• A new cough that doesn't go away or a change in an existing cough
• Coughing up blood, even a small amount
• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain
• Wheezing
• Hoarseness
• Losing weight without trying
• Fatigue

Learn more about - Chest Pain Reasons & Prevention and Effective Home Remedies for Cough & Dry Cough.

Conclusion

Lung cancer is a serious disease that takes the lives of several thousands of people every year. One can do things to help reduce its chances before it starts. We hope that our tips have helped you learn how to protect your lungs and keep them healthy for years to come.

Know more about - Debunk 6 Common Myths About Lung Cancer.