Omicron: Overview, Statistics, Symptoms, Testing, Vaccination and Prevention
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Dengue fever, also known as breakbone fever, is a mosquito-borne disease transmitted to humans through an infected mosquito's bite. In the tropics and sub-tropics, dengue is a leading cause of illness. About 100-400 million dengue cases are reported globally every year.
The onset of symptoms is usually observed after 4-10 days of infection. However, 80% of dengue cases are asymptomatic or show mild symptoms. Dengue symptoms will depend on the severity of the condition.
Dengue fever begins with a sudden fever of around 104°F (40°C) with a few other symptoms that include:
Most people recover within 2-7 days after the onset of symptoms. However, sometimes, symptoms worsen and become life-threatening.
Although less common, some individuals develop severe dengue, which accounts for about 5% of dengue cases globally. Symptoms include:
Dengue fever becomes severe when the blood clotting cells (platelets) drop in the bloodstream. This can lead to internal bleeding, plasma leakage, or organ failure. Without proper medical attention, severe dengue has a higher risk of death.
The symptoms of dengue are much similar to other infections, such as influenza and malaria. So, for a proper diagnosis of dengue fever, the doctor's evaluation includes the following:
Doctors perform the following tests to confirm whether the person is suffering from dengue fever:
There is no specific treatment for dengue fever. Rather, managing the symptoms is the only solution. For patients with mild symptoms, treatment includes:
Using non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen and aspirin can increase the risk of internal bleeding, so it is best to avoid these drugs.
In some severe cases, hospitalization is necessary, where patients are treated depending upon the severity of symptoms:
Some clinical case reports have been reported to show that papaya leaf extract is an effective treatment for dengue fever, but there are no designed randomised controlled studies to prove it. Timely treatment of severe dengue cases can reduce the risk of death to 1%.
The risk of contracting dengue fever is high due to a few reasons that include:
In persons suffering from dengue fever, blood pressure drops drastically, leading to shock. Sometimes, severe dengue can cause plasma leakage, internal bleeding, organ failure, and even death.
Pregnant women suffering from dengue fever can transmit the infection to the newborn during childbirth. Moreover, babies born to pregnant women with dengue fever have higher chances of low birth weight or pre-term birth.
The main approach to prevent or control the transmission of dengue fever is to tackle the mosquito vectors in the following ways:
Mosquitoes that bite the infected person can spread the infection to other people around them. So, be vigilant and take preventive measures to avoid transmission.
In USA, dengue vaccine known as Dengvaxia is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for individuals aged between 9 and 16 with a history of previous dengue infection. However, for people with no history of dengue, administering the vaccine appears to increase the symptoms of dengue fever, which may lead to hospitalization. Therefore no vaccine is as yet available to prevent individuals from contracting dengue.
If you are facing any similar signs or symptoms please contact the BLK-Max team to schedule an appointment at : +91-11-30403040
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