What to Expect Before and After Knee Replacement Surgery?

Knee arthroplasty is the knee replacement surgery to improve the quality of life for people suffering from joint damage and other critical injuries. Its purpose is to alleviate pain and enhance mobility for patients with severe arthritis or injuries by replacing a worn-out knee joint with an artificial joint. Our surgeons at BLK Max Super Speciality Hospital assure best possible outcomes with the latest techniques.

The before and after knee replacement surgery journey is one from pain to freedom, and every single step towards recovery is a step towards reclaiming your life. If you're on the fence about this procedure or just plain curious as to what it entails, let's dive into the details of what happens before and after receiving a new knee, covering recovery phases, pain management strategies, physical therapy, and tips to get back to normal life faster.

Types of Knee Replacement Surgeries

Knee replacement surgeries vary based on the extent of the damage, patient's health, and specific needs. Each type aims to reduce pain and improve mobility, with the choice of surgery diagnosed by the surgeons depending on the individual's health conditions and lifestyle factors.

• Total Knee Replacement (TKR): This is the most common form involving the replacement of both sides of the knee joint. It's typically recommended for patients with severe arthritis or significant joint damage.
• Partial Knee Replacement (PKR): Also known as unicompartmental knee replacement, PKR is suitable for patients whose damage is limited to one particular area of the knee. This surgery is less invasive, which can lead to a quicker recovery.
• Kneecap replacement (patellofemoral arthroplasty)
• Complex or revision knee replacement

When should Knee Replacement Surgery be Done?

To relieve knee pain, doctors will suggest treatments like physical therapy, reducing weight, acupuncture, and medications.

• When other forms of treatment are ineffective, the surgeon will suggest a knee replacement operation. Through X-rays, the doctor will determine the damage to the knee and the type of surgery that is required.
• Knee replacement is usually undertaken when the knee joint is damaged and is beyond repair.
• People suffering from knee pains find it difficult to walk and suffer from pains even when they are sleeping or resting.
• Some conditions that can cause knee pains include:
  • Gout
  • Hemophilia
  • Knee injury
  • Knee deformity
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Osteoarthritis

Read more about A Knee Surgery for Knee Arthritis: Understanding Knee Replacement Surgery

Preparing for Knee Replacement Surgery

A doctor's examination including vital checks are necessary before the procedure. Similarly, preparation is required for a smooth procedure and successful recovery. Here are various aspects for preparation for the surgery:

Preoperative Assessment and Medical Tests

Your surgeon or doctor would conduct a proper medical check-up to ascertain whether or not you are fit enough for surgery. Sometimes, this would involve blood tests, X-rays, and MRIs to assess your overall health and the general condition of your knee.

Physical Preparation

Physical preparation is another very important step. Strengthening the muscles around your knee will help immensely in your postoperative recovery. Your doctor can recommend a few exercises to do before surgery, or can send you to a physiotherapist to prepare your strength and flexibility.

Lifestyle Adjustments Before Surgery

Before undergoing knee replacement surgery, making certain lifestyle adjustments can improve your surgery's success and speed up recovery. Incorporate a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins to strengthen your body and support healing. Avoid excessive alcohol and reduce sugar and salt intake to minimise inflammation.

Consult with an orthopedic doctor about any current medications as some may need to be paused or adjusted, particularly blood thinners and anti-inflammatory drugs. Quitting smoking is crucial as it can hinder bone healing and increase surgical risks.

What to Expect During Knee Replacement Surgery?

Understanding what happens during knee replacement surgery can help ease any anxiety you might have. The procedure usually lasts between one to two hours, depending on the complexity.

The Surgery Process

The surgery involves replacing damaged parts of the knee with artificial components to improve the movement and reduce pain. Usually it lasts for a few hours and a proper rehabilitation plan including diet constraints, physiotherapy and other important considerations for recovery, is essential for a successful outcome.

As per the surgeons, the knee replacement surgery process involves several key steps, each crucial for the success of the procedure.

• Preparation: Once in the operating room, you'll be prepped for surgery. This includes administering anaesthesia—usually general or spinal—to ensure you're comfortable and pain-free during the procedure.
• Incision: The surgeon makes an incision at the front of your knee to access the joint.
• Removal of Damaged Sections: The damaged portions of your knee joint are carefully removed, preserving as much of your natural bone and tissue as possible.
• Implant Placement: The surgeon then fits the artificial components, typically made of metal and plastic, into your knee. These components replicate your knee’s natural movement.
• Testing and Closure: After the implants are in place, the surgeon flexes and bends the knee to ensure proper function and alignment. The incision is then closed with stitches or staples.
• Recovery Room: Post-surgery, you'll be moved to a recovery room where your vital signs are monitored as the anaesthesia wears off, and your initial recovery is closely observed.

Immediate Recovery After Knee Replacement Surgery: What to Expect?

Recovery might seem long, but with each day, you’re closer to getting back on your feet, so it is best never to lose patience and dedication. Here’s what to expect after the surgery.

Postoperative Care in the Hospital

Right after surgery, you'll wake up in recovery, where nurses will monitor you as the anaesthesia wears off. You’ll likely stay at the hospital for a few days. This is where you’ll start some gentle movements with your new knee under the guidance of physiotherapists. Early movement is important to prevent complications and promote healing.

The Role of Physical Therapy

The most important activity after a knee replacement surgery is physical therapy. In most surgeries, it begins within 24 hours following surgery. Firstly, exercises to allow for smooth movements are designed aiming to improve blood flow, decrease the possibility of blood clotting, and begin mobilising the joint. The physical therapist shall prescribe some exercises to improve range of motion and increase strength. As recovery advances, the activities become more diverse and intense.

Pain Management Strategies

You will be medicated and given instructions on how to manage the pain . You can be as comfortable as possible. As per experts, treatment for initial short-term pain may often begin with opioids with anti-inflammatory medication to reduce swelling. Later on, non-medication measures such as applying an ice pack or elevating the area and engaging in gentle exercise will play a role in the management of discomfort.

Read more about - Leg Pain Reasons

Long-Term Recovery and What to Expect After Knee Replacement Surgery?

Mobility Improvements

In the first few weeks post-surgery, you can expect to gradually transition from using these aids to walking independently as strength and confidence improve. By the end of the first month, many patients can walk with minimal assistance. Full independence usually comes within 6 to 12 weeks and may vary depending on other factors as well. However, complete recovery and optimal functioning of the knee may take up to a year, during which continued exercise and therapy are crucial for achieving the best outcomes.

Post-Surgery Lifestyle Adjustments

Think about life after surgery. Rearranging furniture, placing a chair with good back support in your living room, and maybe a bed downstairs can make your return home much easier. The recovery is a marathon, not a sprint. Stick to your rehab plan and keep your sights on the end goal—getting back to doing the things you love.

Potential Complications and How to Avoid Them

No surgical intervention is without risk, but knowledge of these risks will prepare one to deal with them. A serious, though rare complication is infection. Infections can appear in the site where you will have your surgery or in your new joint post surgery. Strict compliance with your surgeon's post-operative care about the wound and proper use of prescribed antibiotics will help prevent infections.

Blood clots are another risk associated with the surgery. One way to prevent clots is by wearing compression stockings, being on blood-thinning medication, and resuming some level of exercise as soon as possible after surgery. In other instances, the implant may not function properly also called implant failure, leading to pain or other complications. You should, therefore, keep going to see your surgeon periodically so that problems are identified early and addressed in good time.

From Knee Replacement Surgery to Strength: A Step-by-Step Journey to Recovery

1. Immediate Post-Surgery: The First 24 Hours

• Hospital Stay: The patient will be advised to stay in the hospital for 1-3 days so that their condition can be monitored.
• Pain Management: Expect some pain and swelling. Doctors will provide medications, including opioids, NSAIDs, or local anesthetics.
• Early Mobilization: You may be encouraged to stand or walk (with assistance) a few hours post-surgery to prevent blood clots.

2. The First Week After Surgery: Home Care and Recovery

• Wound Care: Keep the surgical area clean and dry. Change dressings as instructed.
• Pain and Swelling: Continue with prescribed pain medications and use ice packs to reduce inflammation.
• Movement & Activity: Use a walker or crutches to move safely. Avoid overexerting the joint.
• Warning Signs: Watch for infection symptoms like fever, redness, or unusual swelling.

3. Weeks 2–6: Rehabilitation & Physical Therapy

• Physical Therapy Begins: Regular therapy is crucial to regain strength and flexibility. Exercises will focus on improving knee movement and muscle support.
• Pain Reduction: Pain levels will gradually decrease, though mild discomfort may persist.
• Milestones: You’ll likely transition from a walker to a cane as mobility improves.

4. Long-Term Recovery: 3–6 Months Post-Surgery

• Increased Activity: By this time, you should experience improved mobility and reduced pain. Activities like walking, swimming, and cycling are encouraged.
• Therapy Progress: Exercises will focus on regaining full range of motion and building endurance.
• Resuming Normal Life: Most individuals can return to work (depending on the type) and normal daily activities within 6–12 weeks.

Read more about Total Knee Replacement Surgery Recovery Tips

Pain After the Knee Replacement Surgery

It is normal to experience pain after knee or joint replacement. Some people experience stiffness in the knee. But there are ways to reduce stiffness and pain.

• Regularly taking prescribed medication
• Applying an ice pack over the affected area will relieve you of the pain.
• Exercise is also necessary to not skip. Since it is a new knee, it will initially be difficult for you to kneel, jump, run, etc. However, exercise will enhance flexibility, increase endurance, and build bone mass. Exercising for around 30 minutes every day will strengthen your bones and help you return to your regular life.

Read more about Pain Free Total Knee Replacement Surgery

Tips for a Smooth Recovery After Knee Replacement Surgery

• Follow Your Doctor’s Instructions: Adhere to medications, physiotherapy, and activity restrictions.
• Stay Active but Don’t Overdo It: Gradually increase movement while avoiding strain.
• Maintain a Balanced Diet: Foods rich in protein, vitamins, and calcium help healing.
• Manage Swelling: Use ice therapy and elevate your leg when resting.
• Be Patient: Recovery is gradual, and progress varies among individuals.
• Ensure Home Safety:
  • Install handrails and safety bars in bathrooms.
  • Remove rugs or carpets to avoid slipping.
  • Use crutches or a cane for added support.

Things to Consider After Knee Replacement Surgery

Post-surgery, it is necessary to take precautions to avoid damage to the knee.

• You should walk every day.
• In case of swelling, raise your leg for some time twice a day.
• Get proper training and support from a physiotherapist (physical therapist) so that you do not damage your knee while walking.
• Do not put heavy objects on your knee and never sit cross-legged. The more you care for your knee, the faster it will heal.

Risks Associated with Knee Replacement Surgery

Knee replacement is very beneficial as it can help the patient lead a normal life. But there are certain risks involved.

• Since the old and worn-out knee will be removed and an artificial joint put in its place, the patient might experience blood clots, especially in the lungs or veins.
• Stroke, heart attack, nerve damage, and infections are some other risks.
• Caregivers should be very cautious and need to keep a watch for certain signs like high fever, chills, increasing redness, or swelling in the knee. Immediately bring these issues to the notice of the doctor so that proper treatment can be given to the patient.

When to Contact Your Healthcare Provider

Reach out to your doctor if you experience:

• Severe pain or swelling that worsens over time
• Signs of infection (fever, warmth, or oozing)
• Difficulty moving the knee after several weeks

Conclusion

A decision for knee replacement surgery is a major one, and here at BLK Max Super Speciality Hospital, we commit ourselves to support you in each step of the process, from the primary consultation to the final follow-ups. Dedicated experts make sure that you get personalised care as per your unique needs. If you are considering a knee replacement, we are here and would love to hear from you today to discuss how we may help make your life active and pain-free.

Read more about - Leg Pain Reasons

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How long does it take to walk normally after knee replacement surgery?

Most people walk independently within 4–6 weeks, but full recovery can take 3–6 months.

2. What are the main risks after knee replacement surgery?

Common risks include infection, blood clots, and stiffness in the knee.

3. Can I exercise after knee replacement?

Yes, low-impact activities like walking, swimming, and cycling are encouraged for recovery.

4. What should I do to prepare for knee replacement surgery?

You should follow your doctor’s advice, stay active with gentle exercises, eat a balanced diet, and arrange for help at home. Stopping smoking and managing health conditions like diabetes can also improve recovery.

5. What happens immediately after knee replacement surgery?

Right after surgery, you’ll be in a recovery room under observation, with pain management and initial movement assistance. Physical therapy usually starts within a day to prevent stiffness and promote healing.

6. How long does it take to fully recover from knee replacement surgery?

Recovery varies, but most people resume daily activities in 6–12 weeks. Full recovery, including strength and flexibility, can take up to a year with proper rehabilitation.

7. What are the potential risks after knee replacement surgery?

Common risks include infection, blood clots, stiffness, nerve damage, and implant wear over time. Following post-surgery care and attending regular check-ups can help minimize complications.

8. How can I manage pain after surgery?

Pain can be managed with prescribed medications, ice packs, gentle movement, and physical therapy.